Risk assessments of low-level exposures
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Biological effects of low level exposures.
In responding to Drs. Calabrese and Baldwin’squestion, “At what point, if ever, should hormesis beemployed as the principal dose response default assump-tion in risk assessment? “, we examined the benefits ofreplacing traditional dose response with hormesis. Ingeneral, hormesis provides more complete usefulinformation for risk assessment than does traditionaldose-res...
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Individuals differ in their susceptibility to radiogenic cancers, and there is evidence that this inter-individual susceptibility extends to HZE ion-induced carcinogenesis. Three components of individual risk: sex, age at exposure, and prior tobacco use, are already incorporated into the NASA cancer risk model used to determine safe days in space for US astronauts. Here, we examine other risk f...
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Hormesis, or biological effects of low level exposures (BELLE), is characterized by nonmonotonic dose response which is biphasic, displaying opposite effects at low and high dose. Its occurrence has been documented across a broad range of biological models and diverse type of exposure. Since hormesis appears to be a relatively common phenomenon in many areas, the objective of this review is to ...
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A large number of published studies support the notion that long term, low level (LTLL) exposure to organophosphorus (OP) esters may cause neurological and neurobehavioral effects. In order to differentiate these from other effects of OP such as the acute cholinergic episodes, intermediate syndrome and organophosphate induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN), the term Chronic Organophosphate Induced ...
متن کاملBiological Effects of Low Level Exposures WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF A RISK ASSESSMENT? TABLE OF CONTENTS
Living systems exist in hierarchical levels of biological organization, ascending from the basic atomic-molecular level, to the cellular level, the tissue-organ level, and the whole organism. All levels and elements at each level communicate with each other though intricate intraand intercellular signaling through many specified molecular interactions. These regulate homeostasis between the sys...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Science
سال: 1994
ISSN: 0036-8075,1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.7832844